Preheat oven to 400°F. Pat the pork chops dry and season both sides with salt and pepper. Spread grated potato in a thin layer on a sheet of parchment paper. Press each chop firmly into the potato so it sticks evenly around the edges, then place them on a baking sheet lined with parchment or a lightly oiled rack.
Drizzle 1 tablespoon olive oil over the crusted chops and bake for 15 minutes until the potatoes are golden at the edges.
While the pork bakes, melt butter in a large skillet over medium heat. Add onion and cook until softened, about 4 minutes. Stir in garlic and allspice, then add cabbage, vinegar, brown sugar, and broth. Bring to a simmer, cover, and cook for 25 minutes.
Uncover the cabbage and check that it's tender but still has some bite. Taste and adjust salt or vinegar as needed. Remove from heat and set aside.
After the pork bakes for 15 minutes, reduce oven to 375°F and continue baking until internal temperature reaches 140°F (about 8 more minutes). Let rest for 5 minutes before slicing.
Slice each chop into medallions about ½ inch thick. Serve over the braised cabbage with a squeeze of lemon juice on top.